What is the most probable reason for pump cavitation?

The most probable reason for pump cavitation is low inlet pressure. Cavitation occurs when the pressure in the pump falls below the vapor pressure of the liquid being pumped, leading to the formation of vapor bubbles. These bubbles can collapse violently, causing damage to the pump's impeller and other components.

When the inlet pressure is low, it can be due to various factors such as high elevation of the pump relative to the fluid source, restrictions in the suction line, or insufficient fluid supply. All these conditions can reduce the pressure at the pump inlet, making it easier for cavitation to occur.

Understanding this mechanism is crucial for preventing damage and ensuring the efficient operation of pumps in wastewater systems. Maintaining proper inlet pressure is key to avoiding cavitation and its associated issues, thereby prolonging the life of the pump and maintaining system performance.